• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for controlling a surge arrester comprising: means (6) for detecting a total leakage current, which passes between the surge arrester (3) and the ground; a field probe (9) for the detection of an electric field near the surge arrester (3); and a communication unit (3) for non-contact data transmission to an external device (2). The communication unit (13) is a near field communication unit for the contactless exchange of data by means of near field communication.
    公开号:FR3042603A1
    申请号:FR1670601
    申请日:2016-10-13
    公开日:2017-04-21
    发明作者:Philipp Raschke
    申请人:Tridelta Meidensha GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for controlling a surge arrester and a control system having a control device of this kind.
    In power networks, a surge arrester is usually mounted between a line conducting the current and the earth. Modern surge arresters include so-called varistors, that is to say components which are below a voltage limit are very good insulators but which, when this limit value is exceeded, suddenly become very conductive good.
    Surge arresters are used to protect other components of the network from overvoltages, as may be caused by, for example, lightning or the like. It is usual to leave these arresters in the network for a long time, that is for 30 years or more.
    Most arresters used today have varistors to zinc oxide. These zinc oxide varistors tend to age over the years, especially when the surge arrester has repeatedly reacted to an overvoltage, i.e., has repeatedly passed from the insulating state to the conductive state and returned. This aging makes that what is called the leakage current, that is to say the current in the isolated state which passes however in the arrester, increases gradually. But an excessive leakage current is a problem, since it can lead to excessive heating of the arrester with a further increase of the leakage current, which in the most harmful case can lead to thermal instability and consequently to the destruction of the arrester .
    Possible fouling of a surge arrester housing, by which a superficial leakage current can be made possible along the housing, poses another problem.
    Since surge arresters are often incorporated into the network as simple insulators, it is very difficult to control their ability to function.
    EP1356561 B1 discloses a control system for a surge arrester. In addition, "Metalloxid-Ableiter in Hochspannungsnetzen Grundlagen" Volker Hinrichsen 3rd Edition Copyright © 2012: Siemens AG Energy Sector FreyeslebenstraBe 1 91058 Erlangen, exposes a leakage current tester in the form of a device placed outside the surge arrester, which measures a leakage current passing instantly into the arrester. For this purpose, the peak value of the current is detected. One applies either the peak value itself, or an apparent effective value via a scaling factor. A feedback counter that counts the frequency at which the arrester reacts is more often integrated.
    Leakage current monitors of this type are connected in series with the surge arrester in a grounding line. More recent developments are based on the exploitation of the third harmonic of the leakage current and exploit the resistive component for this purpose. With E-field sensors or built-in field probes it is possible to compensate for the influence of the third harmonic in the voltage, which can greatly distort the measurement. The measured values can be transmitted via a radio interface in order to make possible additional operation and computer archiving. The state of the art mentioned thus proposes to provide a control system, which makes a recording of the curve as a function of the time of the leakage current in the arrester, as well as reaction events. By reading this record and correspondingly exploiting the results, a prognosis can be given as to whether the surge arrester still meets the specifications or whether it needs to be replaced.
    According to the state of the art mentioned, the field probe or the field sensors E is connected to ground by a grounding conductor and the current caused by the field is measured by a device for measuring the current. electrical of the field probe to the ground.
    To power the control system of the state of the art in energy, there is provided a circuit which deflects the current of the field probe to the ground in a storage battery, if the control system does not measure the current .
    This has the disadvantage that an additional switching expense is necessary and that the reliability of the power supply is only limited, especially when the grounding of the power supply is impaired. field probe by external influences, corrosion or the like.
    It is known, moreover, to supply power to the control device by means of a photocell. But it adds and complicates the structure even more. In addition, solar cells are not able to reliably power the apparatus, for example at large degrees of latitude (60 ° and more), if there are large periods of darkness or in an application. inside.
    In connection with a control device, which can be illuminated in the form of a "signaling" by giving a green, yellow or red light, which transmits the data well but not outwards, it is also known to realize the power supply from the leakage current oneself.
    Known field probes are usually placed near the arrester and are connected to a grounding line. A current measuring device continuously or periodically measures the current between the field probe and the earth. The field probe can be considered as a voltage source, which has a high internal resistance. If it is charged by a circuit with a small ohmic value, the voltage of the field probe collapses, which can distort the measured value.
    The transmission of the measurement results externally was carried out in the state of the art either by a display device on the control device, thus by visual inspection, or by a wireless or wire data transmission. Known radio technologies used in this case are 868 MHz, Zigbee, Wifi, GPRS.
    However, there are problems in the preferred wireless communication, when several arresters having their own control device are mounted close to each other, because a unambiguous assignment of the data to the respective surge arrester must be ensured. This type of data transmission also requires a significant amount of energy, so that a supply of energy only by the leakage current is not safe enough, so that in the state of the art other sources of energy, most often solar cells, have been planned. The invention therefore relates to an improved control device and an improved control system, which do not have these problems. The invention particularly relates to a device for controlling a surge arrester comprising a means for detecting a total leakage current that passes between the surge arrester and the ground, a field probe for the detection of an electric field near the surge arrester. and a communication unit for non-contact data transmission to an external device, characterized in that the communication unit is a near field communication unit for contactless exchange of data by means of a communication (NFC) ) in the near field.
    More preferably, the invention has a power supply unit, which utilizes the total leakage current to make the power supply available to the control device.
    It can further be provided an operating logic in the control device, which is shaped to calculate the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation I3r of a resistive component of the leakage current according to the equation: l3r = I3t - K (Iit / Uip) ü3p where I3t is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current; I2t is the amplitude of the total leakage current;
    Uip is the amplitude of the total voltage across the field probe X; U3p is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the voltage across the field probe and K is a constant given in advance.
    A data memory serves to store the amplitude of the second compensated harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current together with a time reference.
    In addition to the amplitude of the second compensated harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current, the invention can also detect a peak value of the total leakage current Ipeak and / or a pulsed current Ipeak, the pulse current Ipeak being the value of the amplitude of a current pulse when the surge arrester reacts. It is also possible to provide a feedback counter, which counts the frequency at which the arrester has terminated an overvoltage.
    The control system of a surge arrester according to the invention comprises a control device of the type described above and a wireless data reception unit of the control device by means of a near-field communication. The invention will be described in the following with the aid of a preferred embodiment with reference to the figures in which: FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the control device; Figure 2 is a block diagram of the entire control system; Figure 3 is a block diagram of the control device; Figure 4 is a detail view in block form of the power supply; and FIG. 5 is a detail view in the form of a circuit diagram of the measurement of the voltage across the field probe. The invention will be described in the following with the aid of a preferred embodiment.
    As can be seen in Figure 1, the control device comprises a control unit 26, which is connected to a transmission unit 28 by a cable 27. The control unit 26 comprises a housing 29 to be placed nearby immediate arrester 3 not shown.
    The housing 29 may have a display unit, which visually signals an instantaneous operating state and / or various measurement parameters.
    The cable 29 extends from the housing 29 of the control unit 26 to the transmission unit 28. The transmission unit 28 is usually located at a distance from the control unit 26 so as to be accessible to a user without difficulty and without danger. The transmission unit 28 is shaped so as to serve as a receiving surface of a commercial smartphone 2 having near field communication means (NFC).
    Figure 2 is a block diagram of the control system according to the invention. A surge arrester is indicated schematically by the mark 3. It is mounted between a line conducting current and earth. The control device 1 is connected to the ground-side terminal of the surge arrester 3.
    The control device 1 is shaped so as to transmit without contact to a receiving unit 2, for example to a smartphone, the data to be measured or the data to be processed.
    The smartphone 2 can then be connected by a cable or by other means of communication to a commercial computer or via an Internet function at the Internet 22 and further, by suitable web sites 23. , to a server 24.
    It is thus possible to enter into a global system, in a convenient and efficient manner for the user of the power supply installation, the data collected by the smartphone 2 and thus to follow the evolution of the network. in the time of the power of the various surge arresters 3.
    Figure 3 shows in detail a block diagram of the control device 1 of Figure 2 above.
    As can be seen in FIG. 3, the control device is connected to the earth-side terminal of the surge arrester 3.
    The mark 4 designates a gas evacuator provided in the control device 1. The function of this 4-gas evacuator is described in the German utility model DE202015004 663.0.
    In series with this gas evacuator 4, is mounted a transformer 5 which produces a voltage pulse when the evacuator 4 gas evacuates gas, the voltage pulse being equivalent to the current Ipuis shock passing through the evacuator 4 of gas. The voltage pulse can then be exploited by means of a unit 8 for measuring pulse current. The unit 8 for measuring the pulsed current is again connected to a microprocessor 12 which processes what comes out of the unit 8 for measuring the pulse current. The microprocessor 12 can also be converted into a reaction counter and increase by one count each reaction of the gas evacuator 4. At the inlet, on the high-voltage side, the 4-gas evacuator is further provided with a shaped current measuring unit 6 for measuring the leakage current in the arrester 3 or the surface leakage current along the arrester 3.
    What comes out of the current measurement unit 6 is sent to the microprocessor 12.
    Mark 7 designates a power supply unit. This is mounted so as to receive the leakage current passing through the surge arrester 3 and transform it into a supply voltage for the microprocessor 12 and the other components of the control device 1. The power supply unit 7 will be described later in more detail.
    Mark 11 denotes a unit of time measurement. It is not limited in a particular way. Any suitable clock can be used in this case. For example, a quartz clock or the like. It is also possible to deduce a time measurement from the network frequency.
    The mark 9 designates a field probe. This field probe 9 is shaped to detect the electric field in the vicinity of the arrester 3. The output of the field probe 9 is connected to a unit 10 for measuring the voltage. The unit 10 for measuring the voltage will be explained later in detail. What comes out of the voltage measuring unit 10 is sent to the microprocessor 12.
    Finally, the reference 13 designates a communication unit, in particular a near-field communication unit, which makes it possible to transmit the measurement data or the processed measurement data coming out of the microprocessor 12 to an external device 2, for example, to a smartphone .
    In the preferred embodiment, the microprocessor 12 is programmed to calculate from the measurement value of the current measurement unit 6, by means of a Fourier transform, the third harmonic I3T, which is ie the second harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current.
    The microprocessor 12 further calculates the third harmonic U3P of the voltage of the field probe of the voltage measurement unit.
    Since the microprocessor 12 knows, from the result of the current measurement unit 6, also the amplitude of the total leakage bed current and, from the result of the unit 10 of measurement of the voltage, the amplitude the total voltage across the field probe 9, the microprocessor is able to calculate by the following equation what is called the third compensated harmonic of the leakage current, that is to say the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation l3r compensated for the total leakage current. Where r is the amplitude of the second compensated harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current; l3t is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current;
    Uit is the magnitude of the total leakage current;
    Ulp is the magnitude of the total voltage across the field probe; Ü3P is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the voltage across the field probe and K is a constant given in advance.
    The constant K is determined empirically and typically is 0.75. Experience has shown that the second harmonic oscillation thus determined of the resistive leakage current is a good value for controlling the aging process of the arrester.
    Although this is not shown, other measuring elements may be present in the control device 1, for example a temperature sensor. As an alternative to this, it is also possible to provide a temperature probe already in the surge arrester 3 and to appropriately transmit the measurement value of the temperature to the microprocessor 12 of the control device 1.
    The microprocessor 12 is shaped to form groups of respective values, which respectively comprise the computed value of the second compensated harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current, a time reference, a peak value of the leakage current Ipeak and, where appropriate , a peak Ipuise value of the pulse current. The group of values may further include a temperature measurement value and the current value of a reaction counter.
    In operation, a user responsible for controlling the surge arrester 3 puts his smartphone 2 on the transmission unit 28. The transmission unit 28 and the smartphone 2 exchange data with each other in the near field, the microprocessor 12 causing the groups of values that are stored to be transmitted to the smartphone 2.
    Normally we enter the characterization of the surge arrester in the smartphone only once to start operation. Then the smartphone is put on the unit of emission. The control device transmits an identification once (fixed once and for all). The smartphone memorizes the characterization entered and the identification in its memory and transmits them via the internet to the database.
    Alternatively, the user can, before putting his smartphone 2 on the transmission unit 28, enter through the smartphone keyboard the characterization of the respective arrester 3. As the data transmission is done by communication in the near field, the assignment is unambiguous and we do not run the dance to inadvertently assign the data of another lightning arrester 3 by mistake.
    FIG. 4 represents the power supply unit 7 of the control device represented in FIG. 3; The power supply unit 7 comprises a rectifier 17, preferably a bridge rectifier. The leakage current of the arrester is rectified by this bridge rectifier. The leakage current of the arrester is of the order of a few milliamperes. Its resistive component is of the order of μΑ.
    Energy from the leakage current is recovered by means of a collector 19 of energy, as well as two energy accumulators, preferably from the capacitors 18, 20, to operate the control device 1. Since the control device 1 does not control the leakage current of the arrester 3 continuously, but only at regular intervals, for example once an hour or once a day, the energy of the leakage current is sufficient. to ensure the operation of the control device 1.
    The reading of the data by the near-field communication is also not carried out continuously, but at regular intervals, for example once a month or once a semester. In this case too, the energy that can be recovered from the leakage current is sufficient, since the near-field communication is content with a very small amount of energy.
    Even the energy of the NFC transmission is recovered. The radio power of the smartphone is transformed into an operating voltage by the NFC receiver. The emission unit thus feeds on itself. The advantage of this arrangement is that it is not necessary to provide an additional energy source, such as a solar cell or the like.
    Figure 5 finally shows in detail the unit 10 for measuring the voltage. The voltage measuring unit 10 comprises two resistors 30, 31 which are connected in series and which are mounted as a voltage divider between the supply voltage and earth. the output of the field probe 9 is connected by a capacitor 32 to the intermediate point of the voltage divider composed of the resistors 30 and 31. This point is also connected to the inverting input of an operational amplifier 34 which is mounted as a follower. voltage. Two capacitors 35 and 36 for filtering are provided at the input and at the output of the operational amplifier 34.
    As can be seen in FIG. 5, a voltage protection diode TVS 33 is mounted between the output of the field probe 9 and the earth.
    This circuit makes it possible to measure the voltage across the field probe 9, without the field probe being grounded directly, except by the voltage protection diode TVS 33.
    The field probe 9 should be considered as a voltage source, which has a high internal resistance. If it is charged by a small ohmic circuit, the voltage of the field probe collapses. The measuring circuit having a high ohmic voltage follower circuit does not charge the field probe and thus gives voltage values which are not distorted.
    Capacitor 32, which serves as a decoupling capacitor, blocks DC voltages occurring and thereby prevents errors from occurring by additional voltage offset on the measurement signal. The control device 1 according to the invention can re-equip all the usual surge arresters without spark gap. An RFID chip or bar code is placed in the region of the transmission unit 28, which allows unambiguous identification of the associated arrester 3. This RFID chip or the barcode is also read by the smartphone 2 to ensure a unambiguous assignment of the respective data to a specific arrester 3.
    However, it is preferred to permanently memorize the identification for the unambiguous assignment of the surge arrester in a memory of the microprocessor.
    Although the invention has been described using preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. It is clear to those skilled in the art that they can make various variations.
    In the preferred embodiment, the transformation by calculation of the measured values into the data to be finally exploited takes place in the control device 1. This is not necessarily necessary, it is also possible to memorize the measurement values themselves and to carry out the transformation by calculation then in the smartphone 2 after the transmission of the data.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    claims
    A device for controlling a surge arrester comprising: means (6) for detecting a total leakage current, which passes between the surge arrester (3) and the ground; a field probe (9) for the detection of an electric field near the surge arrester (3); and a communication unit (3) for transmission in data contact to an external device (2); characterized in that the communication unit (13) is a near field communication unit for contactless data exchange by means of near field communication (NFC).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized by a unit (10) for measuring the voltage, which detects the voltage across the field probe (9).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by a power supply unit (5, 7) which uses the total leakage current to supply power to the power supply. control device.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Control device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized by a microprocessor (12) shaped to calculate the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation, compensated for the total leakage current I3r according to the equation: l3r = l3t - K (Iit / üip) Ü3p where I3t is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current, l2t is the amplitude of the total leakage current; Uip is the amplitude of the total voltage across the field probe; U3p is the amplitude of the second harmonic oscillation of the voltage across the field probe and K is a constant given in advance.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Control device according to claim 4, characterized by a memory (12) for storing the amplitude of the second compensated harmonic oscillation of the total leakage current I3r together with a time reference.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by means (6, 8) for detecting a peak value of the total leakage Ipeak current and / or a pulsed Iuls current, the current Pulsed I being the value of the amplitude of a pulsed current when the surge arrester reacts.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    Control system of a lightning arrester characterized by a control device according to one of claims 1 to 6, and a reception unit (2) for the wireless reception of data of the control device by means of a communication device. in the near field.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    FR3042603A1|2017-04-21|CONTROL DEVICE FOR A PARAFOUDRE AND CONTROL SYSTEM COMPRISING A CONTROL DEVICE
    EP2527851B1|2019-05-08|Wireless current sensor
    EP0261118B1|1991-01-16|Electric power supply for wheel-mounted circuits for a tyre monitoring device
    EP2446281B1|2018-06-13|Electricity meter having an uninsulated current sensor and a cutoff contactor
    FR3019303B1|2019-06-14|DEVICE FOR MEASURING AT LEAST ONE PHYSICAL SIZE OF AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
    EP0626746A1|1994-11-30|Charge control method of a sealed nickel storage cell and charger therefor
    EP2411770B1|2017-08-23|Method for managing the operation of a remote information sensor, and associated sensor
    EP2636119B1|2014-12-10|Controlling dynamic systems by measuring the no-load voltage of a photovoltaic generator
    EP3384592B1|2020-04-22|Method and device for detecting an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation
    WO1993004377A1|1993-03-04|Method for identifying electrical power consumers on a circuit being monitored
    EP0544589B1|1997-09-10|Device for measuring the real load rate of an electrical generator
    FR2731111A1|1996-08-30|DEVICE FOR PROTECTING RECHARGEABLE ELEMENTS AND MOSFET TRANSISTOR EQUIPPING THE DEVICE
    EP0787994B1|1999-03-17|Electricity meter
    WO2016091289A1|2016-06-16|Temperature measurement in switchgear stations
    CN111736038A|2020-10-02|Edge calculating device for power distribution network fault positioning and power distribution network fault positioning system
    EP3462187A1|2019-04-03|Voltage indicator system for high-voltage network
    US9470721B1|2016-10-18|Systems and methods for current sensing elements for use in applications associated with different peak current levels
    EP2950435A1|2015-12-02|Electronic device including a very-low-voltage power generator supplying a battery
    EP2927928B1|2016-11-16|Method for determining an overheating of at least one connection terminal of an electrical device, associated auxiliary apparatus, and electrical system including such an electrical device and such an auxiliary apparatus
    FR2672744A1|1992-08-14|SELECTIVE AND AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC SECURITY DEVICE.
    EP0549464B1|1999-03-03|Method for measuring the state of charge of an electrochemical generator
    FR2999831A1|2014-06-20|DEMODULATION DEVICE
    FR3037162A1|2016-12-09|LIGHTNING IMPACT METER AND INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH A COUNTER
    EP0199256B1|1991-11-21|Follow-up device for an electrical-energy distribution transformer
    EP3872985A1|2021-09-01|Early detection of potential induced degradation in photovoltaic systems
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102015013433B3|2017-01-26|
    BR102016023946A2|2017-04-25|
    US20170108550A1|2017-04-20|
    FR3042603B1|2018-11-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    SE518250C2|2001-01-29|2002-09-17|Abb Ab|Device and system for monitoring one or more conductors connected to an electric power grid|
    ITMI20011078A1|2001-05-22|2002-11-22|Microelettrica Scientifica Spa|DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF THE DRIVING CURRENT OF DISCHARGERS FOR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC NETWORKS AND FOR THE ASSESSMENT|
    DE102004006987B3|2004-01-14|2005-08-04|Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg|Arrangement for overvoltage protection device state monitoring, recording, especially in low voltage networks/information technology, short-circuits, interrupts or detunes transponder antenna circuit for overvoltage protection device fault|
    EP2333925B1|2009-12-08|2013-02-13|Raychem International|Surge arrester condition monitoring|
    EP3058633B1|2013-10-15|2017-09-13|ABB Schweiz AG|Monitoring device and surge arrester system|US10209293B2|2016-07-12|2019-02-19|Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.|Sensor to monitor health of metal oxide arresters|
    CN109239540A|2018-07-26|2019-01-18|国网湖南省电力有限公司|High-voltage arrester defect diagnostic method and voltage distribute measuring device|
    EP3719511A1|2019-04-01|2020-10-07|Raycap Intellectual Property, Ltd.|Sensor and method for remotely monitoring the state of a surge arrester|
    DE102019208520A1|2019-06-12|2020-12-17|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Monitoring arrangement for an electrical equipment and monitoring system|
    法律状态:
    2017-10-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-03-23| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180323 |
    2018-10-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-10-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-10-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015013433.7A|DE102015013433B3|2015-10-16|2015-10-16|Monitoring device for a surge arrester and monitoring system with a monitoring device|
    DE102015013433.7|2015-10-16|
    [返回顶部]